Joy star James Norton on the 'postcode lottery' of IVF - and playing the scientist who was part of creating the first 'test-tube baby'

Actor James Norton, who stars in a new film telling the story of the world's first "test-tube baby", has criticised how "prohibitively expensive" IVF can be in the UK.

In Joy, the star portrays the real-life scientist Bob Edwards, who - along with obstetrician Patrick Steptoe and embryologist Jean Purdy - spent a decade tirelessly working on medical ways to help infertility.

The film charts the 10 years leading up to the birth of Louise Joy Brown, who was dubbed the world's first test-tube baby, in 1978.

Norton, who is best known for playing Tommy Lee Royce in the BAFTA-winning series Happy Valley, told Sky News he has friends who were IVF babies and other friends who have had their own children thanks to the fertility treatment.

"But I didn't know about these three scientists and their sacrifice, tenacity and skill," he said. The star hopes the film will be "a catalyst for conversation" about the treatment and its availability.

"We know for a fact that Jean, Bob and Patrick would not have liked the fact that IVF is now so means based," he said. "It's prohibitively expensive for some... and there is a postcode lottery which means that some people are precluded from that opportunity."

Now, IVF is considered a wonder of modern medicine. More than 12 million people owe their existence today to the treatment Edwards, Steptoe and Purdy worked so hard to devise.

But Joy shows how public backlash in the years leading up to Louise's birth saw the team vilified - accused of playing God and creating "Frankenstein babies".

Bill Nighy and Thomasin McKenzie star alongside Norton, with the script written by acclaimed screenwriter Jack Thorne and his wife Rachel Mason.

The couple went through seven rounds of IVF themselves to conceive their son.

While the film is set in the 1970s, the reality is that societal pressures haven't changed all that much for many going through IVF today - with the costs now both emotional and financial.

"IVF is still seen as a luxury product, as something that some people get access to and others don't," said Thorne, speaking about their experiences in the UK.

"Louise was a working-class girl with working-class parents. Working class IVF babies are very, very rare now."

In the run-up to the US election, Donald Trump saw IVF as a campaigning point - promising his government, or insurance companies, would pay for the treatment for all women should he be elected. He called himself the "father of IVF" at a campaign event - a remark described as "quite bizarre" by Kamala Harris.

"I don't think Trump is a blueprint for this," Norton said. "I don't know how that fits alongside his questions around pro-choice."

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In the UK, statistics from fertility regulator HEFA show the proportion of IVF cycles paid for by the NHS has dropped from 40% to 27% in the last decade.

"It's so expensive," Norton said. "Those who want a child should have that choice... and some people's lack of access to this incredibly important science actually means that people don't have the choice."

Joy is in UK cinemas from 15 November, and on Netflix from 22 November

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